A reason identifies a relevant constraint; an excuse, in EGO's model, uses an explanation to cancel an action that remains available. The difference needs evidence, because a real barrier does not become fictional when somebody dislikes it.
Compare the operations, not a score
| Question or field | Fictional completed example |
|---|---|
| Constraint? | Broken laptop |
| Blocked action? | Export design file |
| Available action? | Notify the client |
| Support needed? | Device repair |
| Evidence? | Sent update and repair appointment |
A worked situation: Broken laptop
Fictional example. A broken laptop prevents exporting a design file but does not necessarily prevent notifying the client by phone. Repairing the machine and communicating the delay are separate available actions.
A reason describes its actual limit
A real constraint can block one route while leaving another available. Record exactly what it blocks, what remains feasible, and what help would change the situation. Kerub’s alibi lens becomes useful at that boundary; it should not erase illness, money, authority, or safety constraints. A sympathetic explanation and an accurate next step can coexist.